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先月、国籍不明の不審船2隻が日本海で逃走し、
海上自衛隊が警告射撃した事件に関して、
不安をあおるような意見が出てきているが、
その中には現実的でない議論も多い、と
筆者は言う。
The What-If Game
By DOUGLAS LUMMIS
Military romantics love what-if arguments. Pretending to be realists, they
invent wild scenarios to stump pacifists. "What if a gang of monstrously
evil people attacks those you love? You stand helplessly, pleading, `Oh,
please don't do it.' A pacifist is no man at all." (This kind of argument
is generally addressed to men.)
The Japan Times of March 29 contains a wonderful example: Japan conquered by The Great Fishing Boat Attack. "It is highly probable," writes Ryuichiro
Hosokawa, "that North Korean vessels bearing Japanese names will come to
this country's shores again. Next time, the fleet may not be made up of
just two ships [Those two ships were a "fleet"!?], but rather could consist
of 10 or 20 vessels, or even more.
"What would happen if North Korean naval ships and fighter aircraft come
to the scene and attack Japanese patrol boats and SDF vessels?
"What if North Korean missiles start hitting bustling areas in Tokyo like
Shinjuku, Ginza and Asakusa...?
"Then, North Korean terror
ists might try to occupy Japanese embassies abroad, take Japanese
diplomats hostage and demand that Japan surrender [Surrender what?].
"If the approximately 135,000 members of the Ground Self-Defense Force are
killed or injured in battle, who would defend the country?"
This is scary stuff, until you remember that 1) there is no historical
precedent for these acts; 2) there is no indication that North Korea has
any such intentions; 3) North Korea could gain nothing from behaving in
such a crazy fashion.
You want to play what-if? Then let's begin with historical precedent. In 1931
adventurist elements in the Japanese military were trying to get a free
hand, but were being held back by the government and public opinion. "On
the night of September 18 they blew up a small section of the South
Manchurian Railway that Japan owned, and claiming it had been done by the
Chinese, used this as a pretext to overrun all of Manchuria in a series of
rapid military pushes." (Edwin Reischauer, "Japan: The Story of a
Nation," p.190.)
You want to play what-if? All right: What if those fishing boats weren't from
North Korea, but were sent out by some Japanese right-wing organization, or
by the SDF itself? Have you heard any hard evidence that they were from
North Korea? Didn't they have Japanese markings? Can it be a coincidence that they appeared just when the guidelines for U.S.-Japan defense
cooperation were being debated in the Diet?
The first rule in criminal investigation is, "Follow the money." It means,
consider the one who gains the most from an incident to be the prime
suspect. In the issue of The Japan Times quoted above, Ralph Cossa, an
American strategic thinktank intellectual, writes, "We can thank the
intruding ships" for demonstrating that Japan needs to remilitarize
fully. (p. 21)
And we can thank Mr. Cossa for the tip.
Please don't misunderstand: I am not saying that I know that the above
scenario really happened. I am only saying that if you want to play what-if,
play it seriously.
Military romantics love what-if arguments. Pretending to be realists, they
invent wild scenarios to stump pacifists. "What if a gang of monstrously
evil people attacks those you love? You stand helplessly, pleading, `Oh,
please don't do it.' A pacifist is no man at all." (This kind of argument
is generally addressed to men.)
The Japan Times of March 29 contains a wonderful example: Japan conquered by The Great Fishing Boat Attack. "It is highly probable," writes Ryuichiro
Hosokawa, "that North Korean vessels bearing Japanese names will come to
this country's shores again. Next time, the fleet may not be made up of
just two ships [Those two ships were a "fleet"!?], but rather could consist
of 10 or 20 vessels, or even more.
"What would happen if North Korean naval ships and fighter aircraft come
to the scene and attack Japanese patrol boats and SDF vessels?
"What if North Korean missiles start hitting bustling areas in Tokyo like
Shinjuku, Ginza and Asakusa...?
"Then, North Korean terror
ists might try to occupy Japanese embassies abroad, take Japanese
diplomats hostage and demand that Japan surrender [Surrender what?].
"If the approximately 135,000 members of the Ground Self-Defense Force are
killed or injured in battle, who would defend the country?"
This is scary stuff, until you remember that 1) there is no historical
precedent for these acts; 2) there is no indication that North Korea has
any such intentions; 3) North Korea could gain nothing from behaving in
such a crazy fashion.
You want to play what-if? Then let's begin with historical precedent. In 1931
adventurist elements in the Japanese military were trying to get a free
hand, but were being held back by the government and public opinion. "On
the night of September 18 they blew up a small section of the South
Manchurian Railway that Japan owned, and claiming it had been done by the
Chinese, used this as a pretext to overrun all of Manchuria in a series of
rapid military pushes." (Edwin Reischauer, "Japan: The Story of a
Nation," p.190.)
You want to play what-if? All right: What if those fishing boats weren't from
North Korea, but were sent out by some Japanese right-wing organization, or
by the SDF itself? Have you heard any hard evidence that they were from
North Korea? Didn't they have Japanese markings? Can it be a coincidence that they appeared just when the guidelines for U.S.-Japan defense
cooperation were being debated in the Diet?
The first rule in criminal investigation is, "Follow the money." It means,
consider the one who gains the most from an incident to be the prime
suspect. In the issue of The Japan Times quoted above, Ralph Cossa, an
American strategic thinktank intellectual, writes, "We can thank the
intruding ships" for demonstrating that Japan needs to remilitarize
fully. (p. 21)
And we can thank Mr. Cossa for the tip.
Please don't misunderstand: I am not saying that I know that the above
scenario really happened. I am only saying that if you want to play what-if,
play it seriously.
Shukan ST: April 16, 1999
(C) All rights reserved
Military romantics軍事的空想家
Pretending to be 〜 〜 を装って
invent作り上げる
wild scenarios途方もないシナリオ
stump困らせる
pacifists平和主義者
a gang of 〜 一団の 〜
monstrously evil 〜 極悪非道の 〜
pleading嘆願しながら
is no man at all男じゃない。
conqured by 〜 〜 によって征服される
vessels船
bearing 〜 〜 を付けた
shores海岸
fleet艦隊
consist of 〜 〜 から成る
naval ships軍艦
fighter aircraft戦闘機
SDF(=Self Defense Force) 自衛隊
bustling areas繁華街
occupy占領する
embassies大使館
take 〜 hostage 〜 を人質に取る
diplomats外交官
surrender降伏する、(要塞・軍隊などを)引き渡す
Ground Self-Defense Forces陸上自衛隊
scary stuff恐ろしい話
precedent先例
indication兆候
intentions意思
gain nothing from 〜 〜 で得るものはない
adventurist elements(政治・国際問題などで軽率な行動を取る)冒険主義分子
get a free hand行動の自由を得る
were being held back抑えられていた
blew up爆破した
South Manchurian Railway南満州鉄道
pretext to overrun 〜 〜 侵略のための口実
rapid military pushes軍による急激な攻撃
right-wing organization右翼団体
hard evidence厳然たる証拠
markings印
coincidence偶然
guidelines for U.S.-Japan defense cooperation新しい日米防衛協力のための指針(ガイドライン)
Diet国会
criminal investigation犯罪調査
consider 〜 to be 〜 が 〜 であるとみなしなさい
incident事件
prime suspect一番疑わしい容疑者
issue号
quoted above先に引用された
strategic thinktank intellectual戦略研究所の知識人
intruding侵入してきた
remilitarize再軍備する
tip警告、ヒント