4月22日号：Using by and until

Two prepositions we use to talk about times are by and until.

Today, we'll look at how we can use by and until in our conversations.

By (+ time) means the same as "not later than." It is used to show that something happened or will happen before a time. For example:

◆I got to the station by 2.

◆My company is going to open a new office by the end of the year.

◆I usually wake up by 6:30 in the morning.

You can usually replace by with before and the meaning will be about the same.

◆I got to the station before 2.

◆My company is going to open a new office before the end of the year.

◆I usually wake up before 6:30 in the morning.

However, sometimes the meaning will be a little different.

◆My boss wants me to finish the report by Friday. (It is still OK to finish on Friday.)

◆My boss wants me to finish the report before Friday. (It is not OK to finish on Friday.)

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英会話イーオン東京本社教務課コーディネーター。イーオン教師のトレーニングや英語セミナーを企画制作するカリスマ教師として活躍中。カリフォルニア大学バークレー校卒業。趣味は読書、料理、クラフトワーク。